NASA SATELLITES DISCOVER LOWER HUMAN CO2 EMISSIONS FOR THE FIRST TIME

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The COVID-19 pandemic is having an impact on human activities, such as energy use and CO2 emissions. For the first time during the Covid-19 outbreak, a team of NASA scientists identified regional changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) linked to human activities.

According to reports, the scientists used a combination of NASA satellites and atmospheric models to assess CO2 emissions during the outbreak from space, including data from NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2). Previous research looked examined the effects of early pandemic lockdowns and found that global CO2 levels declined marginally in 2020.

By combining OCO-2's high-resolution data with modelling and data analysis tools from NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System, the team was able to determine which monthly changes were due to human activities and which were due to natural causes on a regional scale (GEOS).

According to the team's research, human-caused CO2 concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere declined from February to May 2020. It recovered during the summer, resulting in a 3 percent to 13% reduction in global emissions year over year. The findings would be useful to researchers looking into the geographical impact of climate change and tracking the outcomes of mitigation efforts, according to the team.

Effects in atmospheric CO2 can be noticed within a month or two of occurrence, providing timely, actionable data on how human and natural emissions are changing. Fewer vehicles and other modes of transportation were on the road when the Covid outbreak forced people to stay at home, leading in considerable reductions in greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions into the environment.

However, a "dramatic reduction" in CO2 must be regarded in perspective, as Lesley Ott, a research meteorologist at NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, pointed out.

Short-term changes in the global carbon cycle, which is a period of absorption and release that involves both natural and human activity, may be lost since this gas can stay in the atmosphere for up to a century after it is released. The CO2 lockdowns in early 2020 are a small part of the overall CO2 scenario for the year.

In late 2019 and early 2020, the IOD experienced a significant positive phase, resulting in a bountiful crop season in Sub-Saharan Africa and contributing to Australia's record-breaking fire season. According to the researchers, both events had a major impact on the carbon cycle, making it more difficult to detect the signal of Covid lockdowns.

 

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